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【Meeting Notice】openEuler kernel 技术分享第十五期 & 双周例会 Time: 2021-12-03 14:00-16:30
by Meeting Book 02 Dec '21

02 Dec '21

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[PATCH openEuler-1.0-LTS 1/2] hugetlb: before freeing hugetlb page set dtor to appropriate value
by Yang Yingliang 02 Dec '21

02 Dec '21

From: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz(a)oracle.com> mainline inclusion from mainline-5.15-rc1 commit e32d20c0c88b1cd0a44f882c4f0eb2f536363d1b category: bugfix bugzilla: 180680 CVE: NA --------------------------- When removing a hugetlb page from the pool the ref count is set to one (as the free page has no ref count) and compound page destructor is set to NULL_COMPOUND_DTOR. Since a subsequent call to free the hugetlb page will call __free_pages for non-gigantic pages and free_gigantic_page for gigantic pages the destructor is not used. However, consider the following race with code taking a speculative reference on the page: Thread 0 Thread 1 -------- -------- remove_hugetlb_page set_page_refcounted(page); set_compound_page_dtor(page, NULL_COMPOUND_DTOR); get_page_unless_zero(page) __update_and_free_page __free_pages(page, huge_page_order(h)); /* Note that __free_pages() will simply drop the reference to the page. */ put_page(page) __put_compound_page() destroy_compound_page NULL_COMPOUND_DTOR BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000 To address this race, set the dtor to the normal compound page dtor for non-gigantic pages. The dtor for gigantic pages does not matter as gigantic pages are changed from a compound page to 'just a group of pages' before freeing. Hence, the destructor is not used. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210809184832.18342-4-mike.kravetz@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz(a)oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun(a)bytedance.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko(a)suse.com> Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador(a)suse.de> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david(a)redhat.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy(a)infradead.org> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <naoya.horiguchi(a)linux.dev> Cc: Mina Almasry <almasrymina(a)google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm(a)linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds(a)linux-foundation.org> Conflicts: mm/hugetlb.c Signed-off-by: Chen Wandun <chenwandun(a)huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang(a)huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang(a)huawei.com> --- mm/hugetlb.c | 20 +++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/mm/hugetlb.c b/mm/hugetlb.c index 5190154de3b09..2f65dad443ab3 100644 --- a/mm/hugetlb.c +++ b/mm/hugetlb.c @@ -1213,12 +1213,30 @@ static void update_and_free_page(struct hstate *h, struct page *page) 1 << PG_writeback); } VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(hugetlb_cgroup_from_page(page), page); - set_compound_page_dtor(page, NULL_COMPOUND_DTOR); + /* + * Very subtle + * + * For non-gigantic pages set the destructor to the normal compound + * page dtor. This is needed in case someone takes an additional + * temporary ref to the page, and freeing is delayed until they drop + * their reference. + * + * For gigantic pages set the destructor to the null dtor. This + * destructor will never be called. Before freeing the gigantic + * page destroy_compound_gigantic_page will turn the compound page + * into a simple group of pages. After this the destructor does not + * apply. + * + * This handles the case where more than one ref is held when and + * after update_and_free_page is called. + */ set_page_refcounted(page); if (hstate_is_gigantic(h)) { + set_compound_page_dtor(page, NULL_COMPOUND_DTOR); destroy_compound_gigantic_page(page, huge_page_order(h)); free_gigantic_page(page, huge_page_order(h)); } else { + set_compound_page_dtor(page, COMPOUND_PAGE_DTOR); __free_pages(page, huge_page_order(h)); } } -- 2.25.1

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kernel sig申报一个议题：openEuler 22.03增加osnoise/timerlat trace系统/硬件底噪干扰调测工具
by Wangshaobo (bobo) 02 Dec '21

02 Dec '21

议题：openEuler 22.03增加osnoise/timerlat trace系统/硬件底噪干扰调测工具简介：跟踪系统/硬件底噪调测工具，保障高性能应用的低延时，osnoise/timerlat可以针对多核进行较高精度的硬件时延和系统时延探测。 https://gitee.com/openeuler/kernel/issues/I4G64B?from=project-issue

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[PATCH openEuler-5.10 00/17] Memory cgroup enhancement
by Zheng Zengkai 30 Nov '21

30 Nov '21

Memory cgroup enhancement. Johannes Weiner (9): mm: memcontrol: fix cpuhotplug statistics flushing mm: memcontrol: kill mem_cgroup_nodeinfo() mm: memcontrol: privatize memcg_page_state query functions cgroup: rstat: support cgroup1 cgroup: rstat: punt root-level optimization to individual controllers mm: memcontrol: switch to rstat mm: memcontrol: consolidate lruvec stat flushing kselftests: cgroup: update kmem test for new vmstat implementation mm: memcontrol: fix blocking rstat function called from atomic cgroup1 thresholding code Miaohe Lin (1): mm, memcg: remove unused functions Shakeel Butt (5): memcg: switch lruvec stats to rstat memcg: infrastructure to flush memcg stats memcg: flush lruvec stats in the refault memcg: flush stats only if updated memcg: unify memcg stat flushing Tejun Heo (2): cgroup: rstat: fix A-A deadlock on 32bit around u64_stats_sync blk-cgroup: blk_cgroup_bio_start() should use irq-safe operations on blkg->iostat_cpu block/blk-cgroup.c | 36 +- include/linux/memcontrol.h | 179 ++++------ kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c | 34 +- kernel/cgroup/rstat.c | 82 +++-- mm/memcontrol.c | 391 ++++++++++----------- mm/vmscan.c | 6 + mm/workingset.c | 1 + tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/test_kmem.c | 22 +- 8 files changed, 372 insertions(+), 379 deletions(-) -- 2.20.1

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[openEuler-5.10] hugetlbfs: flush TLBs correctly after huge_pmd_unshare
by Zheng Zengkai 30 Nov '21

30 Nov '21

From: Nadav Amit <namit(a)vmware.com> stable inclusion from stable-5.10.82 commit 40bc831ab5f630431010d1ff867390b07418a7ee category: bugfix bugzilla: 185820 https://gitee.com/openeuler/kernel/issues/I4DDEL CVE: CVE-2021-4002 Reference: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/?id… ----------------------------------------------- commit a4a118f2eead1d6c49e00765de89878288d4b890 upstream. When __unmap_hugepage_range() calls to huge_pmd_unshare() succeed, a TLB flush is missing. This TLB flush must be performed before releasing the i_mmap_rwsem, in order to prevent an unshared PMDs page from being released and reused before the TLB flush took place. Arguably, a comprehensive solution would use mmu_gather interface to batch the TLB flushes and the PMDs page release, however it is not an easy solution: (1) try_to_unmap_one() and try_to_migrate_one() also call huge_pmd_unshare() and they cannot use the mmu_gather interface; and (2) deferring the release of the page reference for the PMDs page until after i_mmap_rwsem is dropeed can confuse huge_pmd_unshare() into thinking PMDs are shared when they are not. Fix __unmap_hugepage_range() by adding the missing TLB flush, and forcing a flush when unshare is successful. Fixes: 24669e58477e ("hugetlb: use mmu_gather instead of a temporary linked list for accumulating pages)" # 3.6 Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit(a)vmware.com> Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz(a)oracle.com> Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar(a)linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu(a)jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm(a)linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds(a)linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh(a)linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Liu Shixin <liushixin2(a)huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang(a)huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Chen Jun <chenjun102(a)huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Zheng Zengkai <zhengzengkai(a)huawei.com> --- mm/hugetlb.c | 23 +++++++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/mm/hugetlb.c b/mm/hugetlb.c index 1bbe763dce73..47dd6b5e0040 100644 --- a/mm/hugetlb.c +++ b/mm/hugetlb.c @@ -4017,6 +4017,7 @@ void __unmap_hugepage_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct hstate *h = hstate_vma(vma); unsigned long sz = huge_page_size(h); struct mmu_notifier_range range; + bool force_flush = false; WARN_ON(!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma)); BUG_ON(start & ~huge_page_mask(h)); @@ -4045,10 +4046,8 @@ void __unmap_hugepage_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma, ptl = huge_pte_lock(h, mm, ptep); if (huge_pmd_unshare(mm, vma, &address, ptep)) { spin_unlock(ptl); - /* - * We just unmapped a page of PMDs by clearing a PUD. - * The caller's TLB flush range should cover this area. - */ + tlb_flush_pmd_range(tlb, address & PUD_MASK, PUD_SIZE); + force_flush = true; continue; } @@ -4105,6 +4104,22 @@ void __unmap_hugepage_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma, } mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range); tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma); + + /* + * If we unshared PMDs, the TLB flush was not recorded in mmu_gather. We + * could defer the flush until now, since by holding i_mmap_rwsem we + * guaranteed that the last refernece would not be dropped. But we must + * do the flushing before we return, as otherwise i_mmap_rwsem will be + * dropped and the last reference to the shared PMDs page might be + * dropped as well. + * + * In theory we could defer the freeing of the PMD pages as well, but + * huge_pmd_unshare() relies on the exact page_count for the PMD page to + * detect sharing, so we cannot defer the release of the page either. + * Instead, do flush now. + */ + if (force_flush) + tlb_flush_mmu_tlbonly(tlb); } void __unmap_hugepage_range_final(struct mmu_gather *tlb, -- 2.20.1

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[PATCH openEuler-5.10 00/19] Backport 5.10.79 LTS
by Zheng Zengkai 30 Nov '21

30 Nov '21

Backport 5.10.79 LTS patches from upstream. Geert Uytterhoeven (1): usb: gadget: Mark USB_FSL_QE broken on 64-bit Gustavo A. R. Silva (1): media: staging/intel-ipu3: css: Fix wrong size comparison imgu_css_fw_init James Buren (1): usb-storage: Add compatibility quirk flags for iODD 2531/2541 Jan Kara (1): isofs: Fix out of bound access for corrupted isofs image Johan Hovold (8): comedi: dt9812: fix DMA buffers on stack comedi: ni_usb6501: fix NULL-deref in command paths comedi: vmk80xx: fix transfer-buffer overflows comedi: vmk80xx: fix bulk-buffer overflow comedi: vmk80xx: fix bulk and interrupt message timeouts staging: r8712u: fix control-message timeout staging: rtl8192u: fix control-message timeouts rsi: fix control-message timeout Juergen Gross (1): Revert "x86/kvm: fix vcpu-id indexed array sizes" Neal Liu (1): usb: ehci: handshake CMD_RUN instead of STS_HALT Paolo Bonzini (1): KVM: x86: avoid warning with -Wbitwise-instead-of-logical Pavel Skripkin (1): staging: rtl8712: fix use-after-free in rtl8712_dl_fw Petr Mladek (1): printk/console: Allow to disable console output by using console="" or console=null Todd Kjos (1): binder: don't detect sender/target during buffer cleanup Viraj Shah (1): usb: musb: Balance list entry in musb_gadget_queue arch/x86/kvm/ioapic.c | 2 +- arch/x86/kvm/ioapic.h | 4 +- arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c | 2 +- drivers/android/binder.c | 14 +-- drivers/net/wireless/rsi/rsi_91x_usb.c | 2 +- drivers/staging/comedi/drivers/dt9812.c | 115 +++++++++++++++----- drivers/staging/comedi/drivers/ni_usb6501.c | 10 ++ drivers/staging/comedi/drivers/vmk80xx.c | 28 ++--- drivers/staging/media/ipu3/ipu3-css-fw.c | 7 +- drivers/staging/media/ipu3/ipu3-css-fw.h | 2 +- drivers/staging/rtl8192u/r8192U_core.c | 18 +-- drivers/staging/rtl8712/usb_intf.c | 4 +- drivers/staging/rtl8712/usb_ops_linux.c | 2 +- drivers/usb/gadget/udc/Kconfig | 1 + drivers/usb/host/ehci-hcd.c | 11 +- drivers/usb/host/ehci-platform.c | 6 + drivers/usb/host/ehci.h | 1 + drivers/usb/musb/musb_gadget.c | 4 +- drivers/usb/storage/unusual_devs.h | 10 ++ fs/isofs/inode.c | 2 + kernel/printk/printk.c | 9 +- 21 files changed, 180 insertions(+), 74 deletions(-) -- 2.20.1

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[PATCH openEuler-5.10 1/3] ima: Fix warning: no previous prototype for function 'ima_add_kexec_buffer'
by Zheng Zengkai 30 Nov '21

30 Nov '21

From: Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas(a)linux.microsoft.com> mainline inclusion from mainline-5.14 commit: c67913492fec317bc53ffdff496b6ba856d2868c category: bugfix bugzilla: 182971 https://gitee.com/openeuler/kernel/issues/I4DDEL Reference: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?… --------------------------- The function prototype for ima_add_kexec_buffer() is present in 'linux/ima.h'. But this header file is not included in ima_kexec.c where the function is implemented. This results in the following compiler warning when "-Wmissing-prototypes" flag is turned on: security/integrity/ima/ima_kexec.c:81:6: warning: no previous prototype for function 'ima_add_kexec_buffer' [-Wmissing-prototypes] Include the header file 'linux/ima.h' in ima_kexec.c to fix the compiler warning. Fixes: dce92f6b11c3 (arm64: Enable passing IMA log to next kernel on kexec) Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp(a)intel.com> Signed-off-by: Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas(a)linux.microsoft.com> Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh(a)kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar(a)linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Guo Zihua <guozihua(a)huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Xiu Jianfeng <xiujianfeng(a)huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Chen Jun <chenjun102(a)huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Zheng Zengkai <zhengzengkai(a)huawei.com> --- security/integrity/ima/ima_kexec.c | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/security/integrity/ima/ima_kexec.c b/security/integrity/ima/ima_kexec.c index 667887665823..f799cc278a9a 100644 --- a/security/integrity/ima/ima_kexec.c +++ b/security/integrity/ima/ima_kexec.c @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ #include <linux/vmalloc.h> #include <linux/kexec.h> #include <linux/of.h> +#include <linux/ima.h> #include "ima.h" #ifdef CONFIG_IMA_KEXEC -- 2.20.1

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[PATCH openEuler-5.10 01/10] powerpc/booke: Disable STRICT_KERNEL_RWX, DEBUG_PAGEALLOC and KFENCE
by Zheng Zengkai 30 Nov '21

30 Nov '21

From: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy(a)csgroup.eu> mainline inclusion from mainline-v5.16-rc1 commit 68b44f94d6370e2c6c790fedd28e637fa9964a93 category: bugfix bugzilla: 185780 https://gitee.com/openeuler/kernel/issues/I4EUY7 Reference: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?… ------------------------------------------------- fsl_booke and 44x are not able to map kernel linear memory with pages, so they can't support DEBUG_PAGEALLOC and KFENCE, and STRICT_KERNEL_RWX is also a problem for now. Enable those only on book3s (both 32 and 64 except KFENCE), 8xx and 40x. Fixes: 88df6e90fa97 ("[POWERPC] DEBUG_PAGEALLOC for 32-bit") Fixes: 95902e6c8864 ("powerpc/mm: Implement STRICT_KERNEL_RWX on PPC32") Fixes: 90cbac0e995d ("powerpc: Enable KFENCE for PPC32") Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy(a)csgroup.eu> Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe(a)ellerman.id.au> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/d1ad9fdd9b27da3fdfa16510bb542ed51fa6e134.16342921… Conflicts: arch/powerpc/Kconfig Signed-off-by: Liu Shixin <liushixin2(a)huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang(a)huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Chen Jun <chenjun102(a)huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Zheng Zengkai <zhengzengkai(a)huawei.com> --- arch/powerpc/Kconfig | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/arch/powerpc/Kconfig b/arch/powerpc/Kconfig index 81a629c5133c..da2b1c3b9ae4 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/Kconfig +++ b/arch/powerpc/Kconfig @@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ config PPC select ARCH_HAS_MEMBARRIER_CALLBACKS select ARCH_HAS_MEMBARRIER_SYNC_CORE select ARCH_HAS_SCALED_CPUTIME if VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_NATIVE && PPC_BOOK3S_64 - select ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX if (PPC32 && !HIBERNATION) + select ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX if (PPC_BOOK3S_32 || PPC_8xx || 40x) && !HIBERNATION select ARCH_HAS_TICK_BROADCAST if GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS_BROADCAST select ARCH_HAS_UACCESS_FLUSHCACHE select ARCH_HAS_COPY_MC if PPC64 @@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ config PPC select HAVE_ARCH_KASAN if PPC32 && PPC_PAGE_SHIFT <= 14 select HAVE_ARCH_KASAN_VMALLOC if PPC32 && PPC_PAGE_SHIFT <= 14 select HAVE_ARCH_KGDB - select HAVE_ARCH_KFENCE if PPC32 + select HAVE_ARCH_KFENCE if PPC_BOOK3S_32 || PPC_8xx || 40x select HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS select HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS if COMPAT select HAVE_ARCH_NVRAM_OPS @@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ config PPC_OF_PLATFORM_PCI depends on PPC64 # not supported on 32 bits yet config ARCH_SUPPORTS_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC - depends on PPC32 || PPC_BOOK3S_64 + depends on PPC_BOOK3S || PPC_8xx || 40x def_bool y config ARCH_SUPPORTS_UPROBES -- 2.20.1

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[PATCH openEuler-5.10 01/14] ubifs: fix slab-out-of-bounds in ubifs_change_lp
by Zheng Zengkai 30 Nov '21

30 Nov '21

From: Baokun Li <libaokun1(a)huawei.com> hulk inclusion category: bugfix bugzilla: 182993 https://gitee.com/openeuler/kernel/issues/I4DDEL --------------------------- Hulk Robot reported a KASAN report about slab-out-of-bounds: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in ubifs_change_lp+0x3a9/0x1390 [ubifs] Read of size 8 at addr ffff888101c961f8 by task fsstress/1068 [...] Call Trace: check_memory_region+0x1c1/0x1e0 ubifs_change_lp+0x3a9/0x1390 [ubifs] ubifs_change_one_lp+0x170/0x220 [ubifs] ubifs_garbage_collect+0x7f9/0xda0 [ubifs] ubifs_budget_space+0xfe4/0x1bd0 [ubifs] ubifs_write_begin+0x528/0x10c0 [ubifs] Allocated by task 1068: kmemdup+0x25/0x50 ubifs_lpt_lookup_dirty+0x372/0xb00 [ubifs] ubifs_update_one_lp+0x46/0x260 [ubifs] ubifs_tnc_end_commit+0x98b/0x1720 [ubifs] do_commit+0x6cb/0x1950 [ubifs] ubifs_run_commit+0x15a/0x2b0 [ubifs] ubifs_budget_space+0x1061/0x1bd0 [ubifs] ubifs_write_begin+0x528/0x10c0 [ubifs] [...] ================================================================== In ubifs_garbage_collect(), if ubifs_find_dirty_leb returns an error, lp is an uninitialized variable. But lp.num might be used in the out branch, which is a random value. If the value is -1 or another value that can pass the check, soob may occur in the ubifs_change_lp() in the following procedure. To solve this problem, we initialize lp.lnum to -1, and then initialize it correctly in ubifs_find_dirty_leb, which is not equal to -1, and ubifs_return_leb is executed only when lp.lnum != -1. if find a retained or indexing LEB and continue to next loop, but break before find another LEB, the "taken" flag of this LEB will be cleaned in ubi_return_lebi(). This bug has also been fixed in this patch. Reported-by: Hulk Robot <hulkci(a)huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Baokun Li <libaokun1(a)huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Zhang Yi <yi.zhang(a)huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Chen Jun <chenjun102(a)huawei.com> --- fs/ubifs/gc.c | 6 +++++- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/fs/ubifs/gc.c b/fs/ubifs/gc.c index dc3e26e9ed7b..05e1eeae8457 100644 --- a/fs/ubifs/gc.c +++ b/fs/ubifs/gc.c @@ -692,6 +692,9 @@ int ubifs_garbage_collect(struct ubifs_info *c, int anyway) for (i = 0; ; i++) { int space_before, space_after; + /* Maybe continue after find and break before find */ + lp.lnum = -1; + cond_resched(); /* Give the commit an opportunity to run */ @@ -843,7 +846,8 @@ int ubifs_garbage_collect(struct ubifs_info *c, int anyway) ubifs_wbuf_sync_nolock(wbuf); ubifs_ro_mode(c, ret); mutex_unlock(&wbuf->io_mutex); - ubifs_return_leb(c, lp.lnum); + if (lp.lnum != -1) + ubifs_return_leb(c, lp.lnum); return ret; } -- 2.20.1

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Re:Welcome to the "Kernel" mailing list
by 杨嫣 30 Nov '21

30 Nov '21

您好 Kernel，     我想通过此列表交流。   ------------------ Original ------------------ From:  "kernel-request"<kernel-request(a)openeuler.org>; Date:  Tue, Nov 30, 2021 04:12 PM To:  "杨嫣"<yan.yang(a)i-soft.com.cn>; Subject:  Welcome to the "Kernel" mailing list   欢迎使用“Kernel”邮件列表！要通过此列表交流，请发送电子邮件至:     kernel(a)openeuler.org 取消订阅或调整选项请发送电子邮件至:     kernel-leave(a)openeuler.org 在主题或正文中使用"help"一词(不包括引号), 您将会收到一条带有说明的信息。更改设置需要用到密码，但出于安全考虑，此处不包括此密码。如果您忘记了密码，则需要通过网络用户界面重置密码。 Welcome to the "Kernel" mailing list! To post to this list, send your email to:   kernel(a)openeuler.org You can unsubscribe or make adjustments to your options via email by sending a message to:   kernel-leave(a)openeuler.org with the word 'help' in the subject or body (don't include the quotes), and you will receive a message with instructions.  You will need your password to change your options, but for security purposes, this password is not included here.  If you have forgotten your password, you will need to reset it via the web UI.

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