From: Felix Fu fuzhen5@huawei.com
OLK-6.6 cred backport for kabi reserve
Elena Reshetova (1): groups: Convert group_info.usage to refcount_t
Jens Axboe (2): cred: switch to using atomic_long_t cred: get rid of CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS
Mateusz Guzik (1): cred: add get_cred_many and put_cred_many
arch/powerpc/configs/skiroot_defconfig | 1 - arch/s390/configs/debug_defconfig | 1 - fs/nfsd/auth.c | 4 - fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c | 1 - fs/nfsd/vfs.c | 9 +- fs/open.c | 3 - include/linux/cred.h | 120 +++++----- kernel/cred.c | 271 +++------------------- kernel/exit.c | 3 - kernel/groups.c | 2 +- lib/Kconfig.debug | 15 -- net/sunrpc/auth.c | 3 - security/selinux/hooks.c | 6 - tools/objtool/noreturns.h | 1 - tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config.x86_64 | 1 - tools/testing/selftests/hid/config.common | 1 - 16 files changed, 96 insertions(+), 346 deletions(-)
From: Mateusz Guzik mjguzik@gmail.com
Some of the frequent consumers of get_cred and put_cred operate on 2 references on the same creds back-to-back.
Switch them to doing the work in one go instead.
Signed-off-by: Mateusz Guzik mjguzik@gmail.com [PM: removed changelog from commit description] Signed-off-by: Paul Moore paul@paul-moore.com Signed-off-by: Felix Fu fuzhen5@huawei.com --- include/linux/cred.h | 59 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- kernel/cred.c | 26 ++++++++++--------- 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/cred.h b/include/linux/cred.h index f923528d5cc4..56bc432fe49b 100644 --- a/include/linux/cred.h +++ b/include/linux/cred.h @@ -218,6 +218,20 @@ static inline bool cap_ambient_invariant_ok(const struct cred *cred) cred->cap_inheritable)); }
+/** + * get_new_cred_many - Get references on a new set of credentials + * @cred: The new credentials to reference + * @nr: Number of references to acquire + * + * Get references on the specified set of new credentials. The caller must + * release all acquired references. + */ +static inline struct cred *get_new_cred_many(struct cred *cred, int nr) +{ + atomic_add(nr, &cred->usage); + return cred; +} + /** * get_new_cred - Get a reference on a new set of credentials * @cred: The new credentials to reference @@ -227,16 +241,16 @@ static inline bool cap_ambient_invariant_ok(const struct cred *cred) */ static inline struct cred *get_new_cred(struct cred *cred) { - atomic_inc(&cred->usage); - return cred; + return get_new_cred_many(cred, 1); }
/** - * get_cred - Get a reference on a set of credentials + * get_cred_many - Get references on a set of credentials * @cred: The credentials to reference + * @nr: Number of references to acquire * - * Get a reference on the specified set of credentials. The caller must - * release the reference. If %NULL is passed, it is returned with no action. + * Get references on the specified set of credentials. The caller must release + * all acquired reference. If %NULL is passed, it is returned with no action. * * This is used to deal with a committed set of credentials. Although the * pointer is const, this will temporarily discard the const and increment the @@ -244,14 +258,28 @@ static inline struct cred *get_new_cred(struct cred *cred) * accidental alteration of a set of credentials that should be considered * immutable. */ -static inline const struct cred *get_cred(const struct cred *cred) +static inline const struct cred *get_cred_many(const struct cred *cred, int nr) { struct cred *nonconst_cred = (struct cred *) cred; if (!cred) return cred; validate_creds(cred); nonconst_cred->non_rcu = 0; - return get_new_cred(nonconst_cred); + return get_new_cred_many(nonconst_cred, nr); +} + +/* + * get_cred - Get a reference on a set of credentials + * @cred: The credentials to reference + * + * Get a reference on the specified set of credentials. The caller must + * release the reference. If %NULL is passed, it is returned with no action. + * + * This is used to deal with a committed set of credentials. + */ +static inline const struct cred *get_cred(const struct cred *cred) +{ + return get_cred_many(cred, 1); }
static inline const struct cred *get_cred_rcu(const struct cred *cred) @@ -269,6 +297,7 @@ static inline const struct cred *get_cred_rcu(const struct cred *cred) /** * put_cred - Release a reference to a set of credentials * @cred: The credentials to release + * @nr: Number of references to release * * Release a reference to a set of credentials, deleting them when the last ref * is released. If %NULL is passed, nothing is done. @@ -277,17 +306,29 @@ static inline const struct cred *get_cred_rcu(const struct cred *cred) * on task_struct are attached by const pointers to prevent accidental * alteration of otherwise immutable credential sets. */ -static inline void put_cred(const struct cred *_cred) +static inline void put_cred_many(const struct cred *_cred, int nr) { struct cred *cred = (struct cred *) _cred;
if (cred) { validate_creds(cred); - if (atomic_dec_and_test(&(cred)->usage)) + if (atomic_sub_and_test(nr, &cred->usage)) __put_cred(cred); } }
+/* + * put_cred - Release a reference to a set of credentials + * @cred: The credentials to release + * + * Release a reference to a set of credentials, deleting them when the last ref + * is released. If %NULL is passed, nothing is done. + */ +static inline void put_cred(const struct cred *cred) +{ + put_cred_many(cred, 1); +} + /** * current_cred - Access the current task's subjective credentials * diff --git a/kernel/cred.c b/kernel/cred.c index 98cb4eca23fb..9398e534b997 100644 --- a/kernel/cred.c +++ b/kernel/cred.c @@ -162,23 +162,29 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(__put_cred); */ void exit_creds(struct task_struct *tsk) { - struct cred *cred; + struct cred *real_cred, *cred;
kdebug("exit_creds(%u,%p,%p,{%d,%d})", tsk->pid, tsk->real_cred, tsk->cred, atomic_read(&tsk->cred->usage), read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred));
- cred = (struct cred *) tsk->real_cred; + real_cred = (struct cred *) tsk->real_cred; tsk->real_cred = NULL; - validate_creds(cred); - alter_cred_subscribers(cred, -1); - put_cred(cred);
cred = (struct cred *) tsk->cred; tsk->cred = NULL; + validate_creds(cred); - alter_cred_subscribers(cred, -1); - put_cred(cred); + if (real_cred == cred) { + alter_cred_subscribers(cred, -2); + put_cred_many(cred, 2); + } else { + validate_creds(real_cred); + alter_cred_subscribers(real_cred, -1); + put_cred(real_cred); + alter_cred_subscribers(cred, -1); + put_cred(cred); + }
#ifdef CONFIG_KEYS_REQUEST_CACHE key_put(tsk->cached_requested_key); @@ -355,8 +361,7 @@ int copy_creds(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long clone_flags) #endif clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD ) { - p->real_cred = get_cred(p->cred); - get_cred(p->cred); + p->real_cred = get_cred_many(p->cred, 2); alter_cred_subscribers(p->cred, 2); kdebug("share_creds(%p{%d,%d})", p->cred, atomic_read(&p->cred->usage), @@ -520,8 +525,7 @@ int commit_creds(struct cred *new) proc_id_connector(task, PROC_EVENT_GID);
/* release the old obj and subj refs both */ - put_cred(old); - put_cred(old); + put_cred_many(old, 2); return 0; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(commit_creds);
From: Jens Axboe axboe@kernel.dk
There are multiple ways to grab references to credentials, and the only protection we have against overflowing it is the memory required to do so.
With memory sizes only moving in one direction, let's bump the reference count to 64-bit and move it outside the realm of feasibly overflowing.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe axboe@kernel.dk Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds torvalds@linux-foundation.org Signed-off-by: Felix Fu fuzhen5@huawei.com --- include/linux/cred.h | 8 +++--- kernel/cred.c | 64 ++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------- 2 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/cred.h b/include/linux/cred.h index 56bc432fe49b..43a1bb595273 100644 --- a/include/linux/cred.h +++ b/include/linux/cred.h @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ static inline int groups_search(const struct group_info *group_info, kgid_t grp) * same context as task->real_cred. */ struct cred { - atomic_t usage; + atomic_long_t usage; #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS atomic_t subscribers; /* number of processes subscribed */ void *put_addr; @@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ static inline bool cap_ambient_invariant_ok(const struct cred *cred) */ static inline struct cred *get_new_cred_many(struct cred *cred, int nr) { - atomic_add(nr, &cred->usage); + atomic_long_add(nr, &cred->usage); return cred; }
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ static inline const struct cred *get_cred_rcu(const struct cred *cred) struct cred *nonconst_cred = (struct cred *) cred; if (!cred) return NULL; - if (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&nonconst_cred->usage)) + if (!atomic_long_inc_not_zero(&nonconst_cred->usage)) return NULL; validate_creds(cred); nonconst_cred->non_rcu = 0; @@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ static inline void put_cred_many(const struct cred *_cred, int nr)
if (cred) { validate_creds(cred); - if (atomic_sub_and_test(nr, &cred->usage)) + if (atomic_long_sub_and_test(nr, &cred->usage)) __put_cred(cred); } } diff --git a/kernel/cred.c b/kernel/cred.c index 9398e534b997..3e9fd651ff5c 100644 --- a/kernel/cred.c +++ b/kernel/cred.c @@ -102,17 +102,17 @@ static void put_cred_rcu(struct rcu_head *rcu)
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS if (cred->magic != CRED_MAGIC_DEAD || - atomic_read(&cred->usage) != 0 || + atomic_long_read(&cred->usage) != 0 || read_cred_subscribers(cred) != 0) panic("CRED: put_cred_rcu() sees %p with" - " mag %x, put %p, usage %d, subscr %d\n", + " mag %x, put %p, usage %ld, subscr %d\n", cred, cred->magic, cred->put_addr, - atomic_read(&cred->usage), + atomic_long_read(&cred->usage), read_cred_subscribers(cred)); #else - if (atomic_read(&cred->usage) != 0) - panic("CRED: put_cred_rcu() sees %p with usage %d\n", - cred, atomic_read(&cred->usage)); + if (atomic_long_read(&cred->usage) != 0) + panic("CRED: put_cred_rcu() sees %p with usage %ld\n", + cred, atomic_long_read(&cred->usage)); #endif
security_cred_free(cred); @@ -137,11 +137,11 @@ static void put_cred_rcu(struct rcu_head *rcu) */ void __put_cred(struct cred *cred) { - kdebug("__put_cred(%p{%d,%d})", cred, - atomic_read(&cred->usage), + kdebug("__put_cred(%p{%ld,%d})", cred, + atomic_long_read(&cred->usage), read_cred_subscribers(cred));
- BUG_ON(atomic_read(&cred->usage) != 0); + BUG_ON(atomic_long_read(&cred->usage) != 0); #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS BUG_ON(read_cred_subscribers(cred) != 0); cred->magic = CRED_MAGIC_DEAD; @@ -164,8 +164,8 @@ void exit_creds(struct task_struct *tsk) { struct cred *real_cred, *cred;
- kdebug("exit_creds(%u,%p,%p,{%d,%d})", tsk->pid, tsk->real_cred, tsk->cred, - atomic_read(&tsk->cred->usage), + kdebug("exit_creds(%u,%p,%p,{%ld,%d})", tsk->pid, tsk->real_cred, tsk->cred, + atomic_long_read(&tsk->cred->usage), read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred));
real_cred = (struct cred *) tsk->real_cred; @@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ struct cred *cred_alloc_blank(void) if (!new) return NULL;
- atomic_set(&new->usage, 1); + atomic_long_set(&new->usage, 1); #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS new->magic = CRED_MAGIC; #endif @@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ struct cred *prepare_creds(void) memcpy(new, old, sizeof(struct cred));
new->non_rcu = 0; - atomic_set(&new->usage, 1); + atomic_long_set(&new->usage, 1); set_cred_subscribers(new, 0); get_group_info(new->group_info); get_uid(new->user); @@ -363,8 +363,8 @@ int copy_creds(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long clone_flags) ) { p->real_cred = get_cred_many(p->cred, 2); alter_cred_subscribers(p->cred, 2); - kdebug("share_creds(%p{%d,%d})", - p->cred, atomic_read(&p->cred->usage), + kdebug("share_creds(%p{%ld,%d})", + p->cred, atomic_long_read(&p->cred->usage), read_cred_subscribers(p->cred)); inc_rlimit_ucounts(task_ucounts(p), UCOUNT_RLIMIT_NPROC, 1); return 0; @@ -457,8 +457,8 @@ int commit_creds(struct cred *new) struct task_struct *task = current; const struct cred *old = task->real_cred;
- kdebug("commit_creds(%p{%d,%d})", new, - atomic_read(&new->usage), + kdebug("commit_creds(%p{%ld,%d})", new, + atomic_long_read(&new->usage), read_cred_subscribers(new));
BUG_ON(task->cred != old); @@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ int commit_creds(struct cred *new) validate_creds(old); validate_creds(new); #endif - BUG_ON(atomic_read(&new->usage) < 1); + BUG_ON(atomic_long_read(&new->usage) < 1);
get_cred(new); /* we will require a ref for the subj creds too */
@@ -539,14 +539,14 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(commit_creds); */ void abort_creds(struct cred *new) { - kdebug("abort_creds(%p{%d,%d})", new, - atomic_read(&new->usage), + kdebug("abort_creds(%p{%ld,%d})", new, + atomic_long_read(&new->usage), read_cred_subscribers(new));
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS BUG_ON(read_cred_subscribers(new) != 0); #endif - BUG_ON(atomic_read(&new->usage) < 1); + BUG_ON(atomic_long_read(&new->usage) < 1); put_cred(new); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(abort_creds); @@ -562,8 +562,8 @@ const struct cred *override_creds(const struct cred *new) { const struct cred *old = current->cred;
- kdebug("override_creds(%p{%d,%d})", new, - atomic_read(&new->usage), + kdebug("override_creds(%p{%ld,%d})", new, + atomic_long_read(&new->usage), read_cred_subscribers(new));
validate_creds(old); @@ -585,8 +585,8 @@ const struct cred *override_creds(const struct cred *new) rcu_assign_pointer(current->cred, new); alter_cred_subscribers(old, -1);
- kdebug("override_creds() = %p{%d,%d}", old, - atomic_read(&old->usage), + kdebug("override_creds() = %p{%ld,%d}", old, + atomic_long_read(&old->usage), read_cred_subscribers(old)); return old; } @@ -603,8 +603,8 @@ void revert_creds(const struct cred *old) { const struct cred *override = current->cred;
- kdebug("revert_creds(%p{%d,%d})", old, - atomic_read(&old->usage), + kdebug("revert_creds(%p{%ld,%d})", old, + atomic_long_read(&old->usage), read_cred_subscribers(old));
validate_creds(old); @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ struct cred *prepare_kernel_cred(struct task_struct *daemon)
*new = *old; new->non_rcu = 0; - atomic_set(&new->usage, 1); + atomic_long_set(&new->usage, 1); set_cred_subscribers(new, 0); get_uid(new->user); get_user_ns(new->user_ns); @@ -849,8 +849,8 @@ static void dump_invalid_creds(const struct cred *cred, const char *label, cred == tsk->cred ? "[eff]" : ""); pr_err("->magic=%x, put_addr=%p\n", cred->magic, cred->put_addr); - pr_err("->usage=%d, subscr=%d\n", - atomic_read(&cred->usage), + pr_err("->usage=%ld, subscr=%d\n", + atomic_long_read(&cred->usage), read_cred_subscribers(cred)); pr_err("->*uid = { %d,%d,%d,%d }\n", from_kuid_munged(&init_user_ns, cred->uid), @@ -922,9 +922,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(__validate_process_creds); */ void validate_creds_for_do_exit(struct task_struct *tsk) { - kdebug("validate_creds_for_do_exit(%p,%p{%d,%d})", + kdebug("validate_creds_for_do_exit(%p,%p{%ld,%d})", tsk->real_cred, tsk->cred, - atomic_read(&tsk->cred->usage), + atomic_long_read(&tsk->cred->usage), read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred));
__validate_process_creds(tsk, __FILE__, __LINE__);
From: Elena Reshetova elena.reshetova@intel.com
atomic_t variables are currently used to implement reference counters with the following properties: - counter is initialized to 1 using atomic_set() - a resource is freed upon counter reaching zero - once counter reaches zero, its further increments aren't allowed - counter schema uses basic atomic operations (set, inc, inc_not_zero, dec_and_test, etc.)
Such atomic variables should be converted to a newly provided refcount_t type and API that prevents accidental counter overflows and underflows. This is important since overflows and underflows can lead to use-after-free situation and be exploitable.
The variable group_info.usage is used as pure reference counter. Convert it to refcount_t and fix up the operations.
**Important note for maintainers:
Some functions from refcount_t API defined in refcount.h have different memory ordering guarantees than their atomic counterparts. Please check Documentation/core-api/refcount-vs-atomic.rst for more information.
Normally the differences should not matter since refcount_t provides enough guarantees to satisfy the refcounting use cases, but in some rare cases it might matter. Please double check that you don't have some undocumented memory guarantees for this variable usage.
For the group_info.usage it might make a difference in following places: - put_group_info(): decrement in refcount_dec_and_test() only provides RELEASE ordering and ACQUIRE ordering on success vs. fully ordered atomic counterpart
Suggested-by: Kees Cook keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Elena Reshetova elena.reshetova@intel.com Reviewed-by: David Windsor dwindsor@gmail.com Reviewed-by: Hans Liljestrand ishkamiel@gmail.com Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230818041456.gonna.009-kees@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Felix Fu fuzhen5@huawei.com --- include/linux/cred.h | 7 ++++--- kernel/cred.c | 2 +- kernel/groups.c | 2 +- 3 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/cred.h b/include/linux/cred.h index 43a1bb595273..a3383f8efb8f 100644 --- a/include/linux/cred.h +++ b/include/linux/cred.h @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/key.h> #include <linux/atomic.h> +#include <linux/refcount.h> #include <linux/uidgid.h> #include <linux/sched.h> #include <linux/sched/user.h> @@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ struct inode; * COW Supplementary groups list */ struct group_info { - atomic_t usage; + refcount_t usage; int ngroups; kgid_t gid[]; } __randomize_layout; @@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ struct group_info { */ static inline struct group_info *get_group_info(struct group_info *gi) { - atomic_inc(&gi->usage); + refcount_inc(&gi->usage); return gi; }
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ static inline struct group_info *get_group_info(struct group_info *gi) */ #define put_group_info(group_info) \ do { \ - if (atomic_dec_and_test(&(group_info)->usage)) \ + if (refcount_dec_and_test(&(group_info)->usage)) \ groups_free(group_info); \ } while (0)
diff --git a/kernel/cred.c b/kernel/cred.c index 3e9fd651ff5c..4a6cd0f0fef5 100644 --- a/kernel/cred.c +++ b/kernel/cred.c @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ do { \ static struct kmem_cache *cred_jar;
/* init to 2 - one for init_task, one to ensure it is never freed */ -static struct group_info init_groups = { .usage = ATOMIC_INIT(2) }; +static struct group_info init_groups = { .usage = REFCOUNT_INIT(2) };
/* * The initial credentials for the initial task diff --git a/kernel/groups.c b/kernel/groups.c index 9aaed2a31073..9b43da22647d 100644 --- a/kernel/groups.c +++ b/kernel/groups.c @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ struct group_info *groups_alloc(int gidsetsize) if (!gi) return NULL;
- atomic_set(&gi->usage, 1); + refcount_set(&gi->usage, 1); gi->ngroups = gidsetsize; return gi; }
From: Jens Axboe axboe@kernel.dk
This code is rarely (never?) enabled by distros, and it hasn't caught anything in decades. Let's kill off this legacy debug code.
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds torvalds@linuxfoundation.org Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe axboe@kernel.dk Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds torvalds@linux-foundation.org Signed-off-by: Felix Fu fuzhen5@huawei.com --- arch/powerpc/configs/skiroot_defconfig | 1 - arch/s390/configs/debug_defconfig | 1 - fs/nfsd/auth.c | 4 - fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c | 1 - fs/nfsd/vfs.c | 9 +- fs/open.c | 3 - include/linux/cred.h | 50 ----- kernel/cred.c | 231 ++-------------------- kernel/exit.c | 3 - lib/Kconfig.debug | 15 -- net/sunrpc/auth.c | 3 - security/selinux/hooks.c | 6 - tools/objtool/noreturns.h | 1 - tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config.x86_64 | 1 - tools/testing/selftests/hid/config.common | 1 - 15 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 313 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/powerpc/configs/skiroot_defconfig b/arch/powerpc/configs/skiroot_defconfig index 8d3eacb50d56..9d44e6630908 100644 --- a/arch/powerpc/configs/skiroot_defconfig +++ b/arch/powerpc/configs/skiroot_defconfig @@ -301,7 +301,6 @@ CONFIG_WQ_WATCHDOG=y CONFIG_DEBUG_SG=y CONFIG_DEBUG_NOTIFIERS=y CONFIG_BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION=y -CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS=y # CONFIG_FTRACE is not set CONFIG_XMON=y # CONFIG_RUNTIME_TESTING_MENU is not set diff --git a/arch/s390/configs/debug_defconfig b/arch/s390/configs/debug_defconfig index ea93ed91211d..ed450183196a 100644 --- a/arch/s390/configs/debug_defconfig +++ b/arch/s390/configs/debug_defconfig @@ -835,7 +835,6 @@ CONFIG_DEBUG_IRQFLAGS=y CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST=y CONFIG_DEBUG_SG=y CONFIG_DEBUG_NOTIFIERS=y -CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS=y CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST=m CONFIG_RCU_REF_SCALE_TEST=m CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_TIMEOUT=300 diff --git a/fs/nfsd/auth.c b/fs/nfsd/auth.c index fdf2aad73470..e6beaaf4f170 100644 --- a/fs/nfsd/auth.c +++ b/fs/nfsd/auth.c @@ -26,8 +26,6 @@ int nfsd_setuser(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_export *exp) int i; int flags = nfsexp_flags(rqstp, exp);
- validate_process_creds(); - /* discard any old override before preparing the new set */ revert_creds(get_cred(current_real_cred())); new = prepare_creds(); @@ -81,10 +79,8 @@ int nfsd_setuser(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_export *exp) else new->cap_effective = cap_raise_nfsd_set(new->cap_effective, new->cap_permitted); - validate_process_creds(); put_cred(override_creds(new)); put_cred(new); - validate_process_creds(); return 0;
oom: diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c b/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c index a87e9ef61386..211458203d14 100644 --- a/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c +++ b/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c @@ -962,7 +962,6 @@ nfsd(void *vrqstp) rqstp->rq_server->sv_maxconn = nn->max_connections;
svc_recv(rqstp); - validate_process_creds(); }
atomic_dec(&nfsdstats.th_cnt); diff --git a/fs/nfsd/vfs.c b/fs/nfsd/vfs.c index b24462efa178..d0fdf70ab20d 100644 --- a/fs/nfsd/vfs.c +++ b/fs/nfsd/vfs.c @@ -884,7 +884,6 @@ nfsd_open(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_fh *fhp, umode_t type, int host_err; bool retried = false;
- validate_process_creds(); /* * If we get here, then the client has already done an "open", * and (hopefully) checked permission - so allow OWNER_OVERRIDE @@ -909,7 +908,6 @@ nfsd_open(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_fh *fhp, umode_t type, } err = nfserrno(host_err); } - validate_process_creds(); return err; }
@@ -926,12 +924,7 @@ int nfsd_open_verified(struct svc_rqst *rqstp, struct svc_fh *fhp, int may_flags, struct file **filp) { - int err; - - validate_process_creds(); - err = __nfsd_open(rqstp, fhp, S_IFREG, may_flags, filp); - validate_process_creds(); - return err; + return __nfsd_open(rqstp, fhp, S_IFREG, may_flags, filp); }
/* diff --git a/fs/open.c b/fs/open.c index 98f6601fbac6..54723fceb776 100644 --- a/fs/open.c +++ b/fs/open.c @@ -1069,8 +1069,6 @@ struct file *dentry_open(const struct path *path, int flags, int error; struct file *f;
- validate_creds(cred); - /* We must always pass in a valid mount pointer. */ BUG_ON(!path->mnt);
@@ -1109,7 +1107,6 @@ struct file *dentry_create(const struct path *path, int flags, umode_t mode, struct file *f; int error;
- validate_creds(cred); f = alloc_empty_file(flags, cred); if (IS_ERR(f)) return f; diff --git a/include/linux/cred.h b/include/linux/cred.h index a3383f8efb8f..2976f534a7a3 100644 --- a/include/linux/cred.h +++ b/include/linux/cred.h @@ -110,13 +110,6 @@ static inline int groups_search(const struct group_info *group_info, kgid_t grp) */ struct cred { atomic_long_t usage; -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - atomic_t subscribers; /* number of processes subscribed */ - void *put_addr; - unsigned magic; -#define CRED_MAGIC 0x43736564 -#define CRED_MAGIC_DEAD 0x44656144 -#endif kuid_t uid; /* real UID of the task */ kgid_t gid; /* real GID of the task */ kuid_t suid; /* saved UID of the task */ @@ -172,46 +165,6 @@ extern int cred_fscmp(const struct cred *, const struct cred *); extern void __init cred_init(void); extern int set_cred_ucounts(struct cred *);
-/* - * check for validity of credentials - */ -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS -extern void __noreturn __invalid_creds(const struct cred *, const char *, unsigned); -extern void __validate_process_creds(struct task_struct *, - const char *, unsigned); - -extern bool creds_are_invalid(const struct cred *cred); - -static inline void __validate_creds(const struct cred *cred, - const char *file, unsigned line) -{ - if (unlikely(creds_are_invalid(cred))) - __invalid_creds(cred, file, line); -} - -#define validate_creds(cred) \ -do { \ - __validate_creds((cred), __FILE__, __LINE__); \ -} while(0) - -#define validate_process_creds() \ -do { \ - __validate_process_creds(current, __FILE__, __LINE__); \ -} while(0) - -extern void validate_creds_for_do_exit(struct task_struct *); -#else -static inline void validate_creds(const struct cred *cred) -{ -} -static inline void validate_creds_for_do_exit(struct task_struct *tsk) -{ -} -static inline void validate_process_creds(void) -{ -} -#endif - static inline bool cap_ambient_invariant_ok(const struct cred *cred) { return cap_issubset(cred->cap_ambient, @@ -264,7 +217,6 @@ static inline const struct cred *get_cred_many(const struct cred *cred, int nr) struct cred *nonconst_cred = (struct cred *) cred; if (!cred) return cred; - validate_creds(cred); nonconst_cred->non_rcu = 0; return get_new_cred_many(nonconst_cred, nr); } @@ -290,7 +242,6 @@ static inline const struct cred *get_cred_rcu(const struct cred *cred) return NULL; if (!atomic_long_inc_not_zero(&nonconst_cred->usage)) return NULL; - validate_creds(cred); nonconst_cred->non_rcu = 0; return cred; } @@ -312,7 +263,6 @@ static inline void put_cred_many(const struct cred *_cred, int nr) struct cred *cred = (struct cred *) _cred;
if (cred) { - validate_creds(cred); if (atomic_long_sub_and_test(nr, &cred->usage)) __put_cred(cred); } diff --git a/kernel/cred.c b/kernel/cred.c index 4a6cd0f0fef5..c033a201c808 100644 --- a/kernel/cred.c +++ b/kernel/cred.c @@ -43,10 +43,6 @@ static struct group_info init_groups = { .usage = REFCOUNT_INIT(2) }; */ struct cred init_cred = { .usage = ATOMIC_INIT(4), -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - .subscribers = ATOMIC_INIT(2), - .magic = CRED_MAGIC, -#endif .uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID, .gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID, .suid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID, @@ -66,31 +62,6 @@ struct cred init_cred = { .ucounts = &init_ucounts, };
-static inline void set_cred_subscribers(struct cred *cred, int n) -{ -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - atomic_set(&cred->subscribers, n); -#endif -} - -static inline int read_cred_subscribers(const struct cred *cred) -{ -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - return atomic_read(&cred->subscribers); -#else - return 0; -#endif -} - -static inline void alter_cred_subscribers(const struct cred *_cred, int n) -{ -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - struct cred *cred = (struct cred *) _cred; - - atomic_add(n, &cred->subscribers); -#endif -} - /* * The RCU callback to actually dispose of a set of credentials */ @@ -100,20 +71,9 @@ static void put_cred_rcu(struct rcu_head *rcu)
kdebug("put_cred_rcu(%p)", cred);
-#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - if (cred->magic != CRED_MAGIC_DEAD || - atomic_long_read(&cred->usage) != 0 || - read_cred_subscribers(cred) != 0) - panic("CRED: put_cred_rcu() sees %p with" - " mag %x, put %p, usage %ld, subscr %d\n", - cred, cred->magic, cred->put_addr, - atomic_long_read(&cred->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(cred)); -#else if (atomic_long_read(&cred->usage) != 0) panic("CRED: put_cred_rcu() sees %p with usage %ld\n", cred, atomic_long_read(&cred->usage)); -#endif
security_cred_free(cred); key_put(cred->session_keyring); @@ -137,16 +97,10 @@ static void put_cred_rcu(struct rcu_head *rcu) */ void __put_cred(struct cred *cred) { - kdebug("__put_cred(%p{%ld,%d})", cred, - atomic_long_read(&cred->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(cred)); + kdebug("__put_cred(%p{%ld})", cred, + atomic_long_read(&cred->usage));
BUG_ON(atomic_long_read(&cred->usage) != 0); -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - BUG_ON(read_cred_subscribers(cred) != 0); - cred->magic = CRED_MAGIC_DEAD; - cred->put_addr = __builtin_return_address(0); -#endif BUG_ON(cred == current->cred); BUG_ON(cred == current->real_cred);
@@ -164,9 +118,8 @@ void exit_creds(struct task_struct *tsk) { struct cred *real_cred, *cred;
- kdebug("exit_creds(%u,%p,%p,{%ld,%d})", tsk->pid, tsk->real_cred, tsk->cred, - atomic_long_read(&tsk->cred->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred)); + kdebug("exit_creds(%u,%p,%p,{%ld})", tsk->pid, tsk->real_cred, tsk->cred, + atomic_long_read(&tsk->cred->usage));
real_cred = (struct cred *) tsk->real_cred; tsk->real_cred = NULL; @@ -174,15 +127,10 @@ void exit_creds(struct task_struct *tsk) cred = (struct cred *) tsk->cred; tsk->cred = NULL;
- validate_creds(cred); if (real_cred == cred) { - alter_cred_subscribers(cred, -2); put_cred_many(cred, 2); } else { - validate_creds(real_cred); - alter_cred_subscribers(real_cred, -1); put_cred(real_cred); - alter_cred_subscribers(cred, -1); put_cred(cred); }
@@ -231,9 +179,6 @@ struct cred *cred_alloc_blank(void) return NULL;
atomic_long_set(&new->usage, 1); -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - new->magic = CRED_MAGIC; -#endif if (security_cred_alloc_blank(new, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT) < 0) goto error;
@@ -264,8 +209,6 @@ struct cred *prepare_creds(void) const struct cred *old; struct cred *new;
- validate_process_creds(); - new = kmem_cache_alloc(cred_jar, GFP_KERNEL); if (!new) return NULL; @@ -277,7 +220,6 @@ struct cred *prepare_creds(void)
new->non_rcu = 0; atomic_long_set(&new->usage, 1); - set_cred_subscribers(new, 0); get_group_info(new->group_info); get_uid(new->user); get_user_ns(new->user_ns); @@ -300,7 +242,6 @@ struct cred *prepare_creds(void) if (security_prepare_creds(new, old, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT) < 0) goto error;
- validate_creds(new); return new;
error: @@ -362,10 +303,8 @@ int copy_creds(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long clone_flags) clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD ) { p->real_cred = get_cred_many(p->cred, 2); - alter_cred_subscribers(p->cred, 2); - kdebug("share_creds(%p{%ld,%d})", - p->cred, atomic_long_read(&p->cred->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(p->cred)); + kdebug("share_creds(%p{%ld})", + p->cred, atomic_long_read(&p->cred->usage)); inc_rlimit_ucounts(task_ucounts(p), UCOUNT_RLIMIT_NPROC, 1); return 0; } @@ -404,8 +343,6 @@ int copy_creds(struct task_struct *p, unsigned long clone_flags)
p->cred = p->real_cred = get_cred(new); inc_rlimit_ucounts(task_ucounts(p), UCOUNT_RLIMIT_NPROC, 1); - alter_cred_subscribers(new, 2); - validate_creds(new); return 0;
error_put: @@ -457,16 +394,10 @@ int commit_creds(struct cred *new) struct task_struct *task = current; const struct cred *old = task->real_cred;
- kdebug("commit_creds(%p{%ld,%d})", new, - atomic_long_read(&new->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(new)); + kdebug("commit_creds(%p{%ld})", new, + atomic_long_read(&new->usage));
BUG_ON(task->cred != old); -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - BUG_ON(read_cred_subscribers(old) < 2); - validate_creds(old); - validate_creds(new); -#endif BUG_ON(atomic_long_read(&new->usage) < 1);
get_cred(new); /* we will require a ref for the subj creds too */ @@ -502,14 +433,12 @@ int commit_creds(struct cred *new) * RLIMIT_NPROC limits on user->processes have already been checked * in set_user(). */ - alter_cred_subscribers(new, 2); if (new->user != old->user || new->user_ns != old->user_ns) inc_rlimit_ucounts(new->ucounts, UCOUNT_RLIMIT_NPROC, 1); rcu_assign_pointer(task->real_cred, new); rcu_assign_pointer(task->cred, new); if (new->user != old->user || new->user_ns != old->user_ns) dec_rlimit_ucounts(old->ucounts, UCOUNT_RLIMIT_NPROC, 1); - alter_cred_subscribers(old, -2);
/* send notifications */ if (!uid_eq(new->uid, old->uid) || @@ -539,13 +468,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(commit_creds); */ void abort_creds(struct cred *new) { - kdebug("abort_creds(%p{%ld,%d})", new, - atomic_long_read(&new->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(new)); + kdebug("abort_creds(%p{%ld})", new, + atomic_long_read(&new->usage));
-#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - BUG_ON(read_cred_subscribers(new) != 0); -#endif BUG_ON(atomic_long_read(&new->usage) < 1); put_cred(new); } @@ -562,12 +487,8 @@ const struct cred *override_creds(const struct cred *new) { const struct cred *old = current->cred;
- kdebug("override_creds(%p{%ld,%d})", new, - atomic_long_read(&new->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(new)); - - validate_creds(old); - validate_creds(new); + kdebug("override_creds(%p{%ld})", new, + atomic_long_read(&new->usage));
/* * NOTE! This uses 'get_new_cred()' rather than 'get_cred()'. @@ -576,18 +497,12 @@ const struct cred *override_creds(const struct cred *new) * we are only installing the cred into the thread-synchronous * '->cred' pointer, not the '->real_cred' pointer that is * visible to other threads under RCU. - * - * Also note that we did validate_creds() manually, not depending - * on the validation in 'get_cred()'. */ get_new_cred((struct cred *)new); - alter_cred_subscribers(new, 1); rcu_assign_pointer(current->cred, new); - alter_cred_subscribers(old, -1);
- kdebug("override_creds() = %p{%ld,%d}", old, - atomic_long_read(&old->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(old)); + kdebug("override_creds() = %p{%ld}", old, + atomic_long_read(&old->usage)); return old; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(override_creds); @@ -603,15 +518,10 @@ void revert_creds(const struct cred *old) { const struct cred *override = current->cred;
- kdebug("revert_creds(%p{%ld,%d})", old, - atomic_long_read(&old->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(old)); + kdebug("revert_creds(%p{%ld})", old, + atomic_long_read(&old->usage));
- validate_creds(old); - validate_creds(override); - alter_cred_subscribers(old, 1); rcu_assign_pointer(current->cred, old); - alter_cred_subscribers(override, -1); put_cred(override); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(revert_creds); @@ -731,12 +641,10 @@ struct cred *prepare_kernel_cred(struct task_struct *daemon) kdebug("prepare_kernel_cred() alloc %p", new);
old = get_task_cred(daemon); - validate_creds(old);
*new = *old; new->non_rcu = 0; atomic_long_set(&new->usage, 1); - set_cred_subscribers(new, 0); get_uid(new->user); get_user_ns(new->user_ns); get_group_info(new->group_info); @@ -760,7 +668,6 @@ struct cred *prepare_kernel_cred(struct task_struct *daemon) goto error;
put_cred(old); - validate_creds(new); return new;
error: @@ -825,109 +732,3 @@ int set_create_files_as(struct cred *new, struct inode *inode) return security_kernel_create_files_as(new, inode); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_create_files_as); - -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - -bool creds_are_invalid(const struct cred *cred) -{ - if (cred->magic != CRED_MAGIC) - return true; - return false; -} -EXPORT_SYMBOL(creds_are_invalid); - -/* - * dump invalid credentials - */ -static void dump_invalid_creds(const struct cred *cred, const char *label, - const struct task_struct *tsk) -{ - pr_err("%s credentials: %p %s%s%s\n", - label, cred, - cred == &init_cred ? "[init]" : "", - cred == tsk->real_cred ? "[real]" : "", - cred == tsk->cred ? "[eff]" : ""); - pr_err("->magic=%x, put_addr=%p\n", - cred->magic, cred->put_addr); - pr_err("->usage=%ld, subscr=%d\n", - atomic_long_read(&cred->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(cred)); - pr_err("->*uid = { %d,%d,%d,%d }\n", - from_kuid_munged(&init_user_ns, cred->uid), - from_kuid_munged(&init_user_ns, cred->euid), - from_kuid_munged(&init_user_ns, cred->suid), - from_kuid_munged(&init_user_ns, cred->fsuid)); - pr_err("->*gid = { %d,%d,%d,%d }\n", - from_kgid_munged(&init_user_ns, cred->gid), - from_kgid_munged(&init_user_ns, cred->egid), - from_kgid_munged(&init_user_ns, cred->sgid), - from_kgid_munged(&init_user_ns, cred->fsgid)); -#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY - pr_err("->security is %p\n", cred->security); - if ((unsigned long) cred->security >= PAGE_SIZE && - (((unsigned long) cred->security & 0xffffff00) != - (POISON_FREE << 24 | POISON_FREE << 16 | POISON_FREE << 8))) - pr_err("->security {%x, %x}\n", - ((u32*)cred->security)[0], - ((u32*)cred->security)[1]); -#endif -} - -/* - * report use of invalid credentials - */ -void __noreturn __invalid_creds(const struct cred *cred, const char *file, unsigned line) -{ - pr_err("Invalid credentials\n"); - pr_err("At %s:%u\n", file, line); - dump_invalid_creds(cred, "Specified", current); - BUG(); -} -EXPORT_SYMBOL(__invalid_creds); - -/* - * check the credentials on a process - */ -void __validate_process_creds(struct task_struct *tsk, - const char *file, unsigned line) -{ - if (tsk->cred == tsk->real_cred) { - if (unlikely(read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred) < 2 || - creds_are_invalid(tsk->cred))) - goto invalid_creds; - } else { - if (unlikely(read_cred_subscribers(tsk->real_cred) < 1 || - read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred) < 1 || - creds_are_invalid(tsk->real_cred) || - creds_are_invalid(tsk->cred))) - goto invalid_creds; - } - return; - -invalid_creds: - pr_err("Invalid process credentials\n"); - pr_err("At %s:%u\n", file, line); - - dump_invalid_creds(tsk->real_cred, "Real", tsk); - if (tsk->cred != tsk->real_cred) - dump_invalid_creds(tsk->cred, "Effective", tsk); - else - pr_err("Effective creds == Real creds\n"); - BUG(); -} -EXPORT_SYMBOL(__validate_process_creds); - -/* - * check creds for do_exit() - */ -void validate_creds_for_do_exit(struct task_struct *tsk) -{ - kdebug("validate_creds_for_do_exit(%p,%p{%ld,%d})", - tsk->real_cred, tsk->cred, - atomic_long_read(&tsk->cred->usage), - read_cred_subscribers(tsk->cred)); - - __validate_process_creds(tsk, __FILE__, __LINE__); -} - -#endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS */ diff --git a/kernel/exit.c b/kernel/exit.c index edb50b4c9972..21a59a6e1f2e 100644 --- a/kernel/exit.c +++ b/kernel/exit.c @@ -824,8 +824,6 @@ void __noreturn do_exit(long code) ptrace_event(PTRACE_EVENT_EXIT, code); user_events_exit(tsk);
- validate_creds_for_do_exit(tsk); - io_uring_files_cancel(); exit_signals(tsk); /* sets PF_EXITING */
@@ -912,7 +910,6 @@ void __noreturn do_exit(long code) if (tsk->task_frag.page) put_page(tsk->task_frag.page);
- validate_creds_for_do_exit(tsk); exit_task_stack_account(tsk);
check_stack_usage(); diff --git a/lib/Kconfig.debug b/lib/Kconfig.debug index b0cecd03ceba..6c8d9a54b794 100644 --- a/lib/Kconfig.debug +++ b/lib/Kconfig.debug @@ -1752,21 +1752,6 @@ config DEBUG_MAPLE_TREE
endmenu
-config DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - bool "Debug credential management" - depends on DEBUG_KERNEL - help - Enable this to turn on some debug checking for credential - management. The additional code keeps track of the number of - pointers from task_structs to any given cred struct, and checks to - see that this number never exceeds the usage count of the cred - struct. - - Furthermore, if SELinux is enabled, this also checks that the - security pointer in the cred struct is never seen to be invalid. - - If unsure, say N. - source "kernel/rcu/Kconfig.debug"
config DEBUG_WQ_FORCE_RR_CPU diff --git a/net/sunrpc/auth.c b/net/sunrpc/auth.c index 814b0169f972..ec41b26af76e 100644 --- a/net/sunrpc/auth.c +++ b/net/sunrpc/auth.c @@ -40,9 +40,6 @@ static unsigned long number_cred_unused;
static struct cred machine_cred = { .usage = ATOMIC_INIT(1), -#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS - .magic = CRED_MAGIC, -#endif };
/* diff --git a/security/selinux/hooks.c b/security/selinux/hooks.c index 2aa0e219d721..208503340721 100644 --- a/security/selinux/hooks.c +++ b/security/selinux/hooks.c @@ -1660,8 +1660,6 @@ static int inode_has_perm(const struct cred *cred, struct inode_security_struct *isec; u32 sid;
- validate_creds(cred); - if (unlikely(IS_PRIVATE(inode))) return 0;
@@ -3056,8 +3054,6 @@ static int selinux_inode_follow_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode, struct inode_security_struct *isec; u32 sid;
- validate_creds(cred); - ad.type = LSM_AUDIT_DATA_DENTRY; ad.u.dentry = dentry; sid = cred_sid(cred); @@ -3101,8 +3097,6 @@ static int selinux_inode_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask) if (!mask) return 0;
- validate_creds(cred); - if (unlikely(IS_PRIVATE(inode))) return 0;
diff --git a/tools/objtool/noreturns.h b/tools/objtool/noreturns.h index e45c7cb1d5bc..80a3e6acf31e 100644 --- a/tools/objtool/noreturns.h +++ b/tools/objtool/noreturns.h @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ * * Yes, this is unfortunate. A better solution is in the works. */ -NORETURN(__invalid_creds) NORETURN(__kunit_abort) NORETURN(__module_put_and_kthread_exit) NORETURN(__reiserfs_panic) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config.x86_64 b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config.x86_64 index 2e70a6048278..49a29dbc1910 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config.x86_64 +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/config.x86_64 @@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ CONFIG_CRYPTO_SEQIV=y CONFIG_CRYPTO_XXHASH=y CONFIG_DCB=y CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP=y -CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS=y CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF=y CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_DWARF_TOOLCHAIN_DEFAULT=y CONFIG_DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT=y diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/hid/config.common b/tools/testing/selftests/hid/config.common index 0617275d93cc..0f456dbab62f 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/hid/config.common +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/hid/config.common @@ -46,7 +46,6 @@ CONFIG_CRYPTO_SEQIV=y CONFIG_CRYPTO_XXHASH=y CONFIG_DCB=y CONFIG_DEBUG_ATOMIC_SLEEP=y -CONFIG_DEBUG_CREDENTIALS=y CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_DWARF_TOOLCHAIN_DEFAULT=y CONFIG_DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT=y CONFIG_DEFAULT_FQ_CODEL=y
反馈： 您发送到kernel@openeuler.org的补丁/补丁集，已成功转换为PR！ PR链接地址： https://gitee.com/openeuler/kernel/pulls/4175 邮件列表地址：https://mailweb.openeuler.org/hyperkitty/list/kernel@openeuler.org/message/4...
FeedBack: The patch(es) which you have sent to kernel@openeuler.org mailing list has been converted to a pull request successfully! Pull request link: https://gitee.com/openeuler/kernel/pulls/4175 Mailing list address: https://mailweb.openeuler.org/hyperkitty/list/kernel@openeuler.org/message/4...
-
felix -
patchwork bot